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Restore","\u002Foperations\u002Fbackup-restore","18.operations\u002F04.backup-restore",{"title":744,"path":745,"stem":746},"Upgrading","\u002Foperations\u002Fupgrading","18.operations\u002F05.upgrading",{"title":748,"icon":749,"path":750,"stem":751,"children":752,"page":62},"Reference","i-lucide-library","\u002Freference","19.reference",[753,757,761,765,769],{"title":754,"path":755,"stem":756},"Query Language","\u002Freference\u002Fquery-language","19.reference\u002F01.query-language",{"title":758,"path":759,"stem":760},"Errors","\u002Freference\u002Ferrors","19.reference\u002F02.errors",{"title":762,"path":763,"stem":764},"Admin API","\u002Freference\u002Fadmin-api","19.reference\u002F03.admin-api",{"title":766,"path":767,"stem":768},"Authentication API","\u002Freference\u002Fauth-api","19.reference\u002F04.auth-api",{"title":770,"path":771,"stem":772},"Environment Variables","\u002Freference\u002Fenvironment","19.reference\u002F05.environment",{"id":774,"title":35,"admin":775,"body":776,"description":1294,"extension":1295,"links":775,"meta":1296,"navigation":928,"path":36,"seo":1297,"stem":37,"__hash__":1298},"docs\u002F02.concepts\u002F01.postgresql-first.md",null,{"type":777,"value":778,"toc":1286},"minimark",[779,788,793,884,887,891,894,942,945,954,957,1068,1079,1083,1086,1195,1210,1214,1217,1255,1259,1266,1270,1282],[780,781,782,783,787],"p",{},"TotalBase is built on one rule: ",[784,785,786],"strong",{},"PostgreSQL is the authority."," If PostgreSQL can express a rule, the rule lives in PostgreSQL. TotalBase exposes it, secures it and reports on it, but never makes its own copy.",[789,790,792],"h2",{"id":791},"what-belongs-where","What belongs where",[794,795,796,809],"table",{},[797,798,799],"thead",{},[800,801,802,806],"tr",{},[803,804,805],"th",{},"PostgreSQL decides",[803,807,808],{},"TotalBase decides",[810,811,812,826,847,860,871],"tbody",{},[800,813,814,823],{},[815,816,817,818,822],"td",{},"Types, ",[819,820,821],"code",{},"NOT NULL",", defaults, generated columns",[815,824,825],{},"Which tables, views and functions the API exposes, and which HTTP methods each one gets",[800,827,828,844],{},[815,829,830,833,834,833,837,833,840,843],{},[819,831,832],{},"PRIMARY KEY",", ",[819,835,836],{},"UNIQUE",[819,838,839],{},"FOREIGN KEY",[819,841,842],{},"CHECK",", exclusion constraints",[815,845,846],{},"Which roles may read or write which rows and fields",[800,848,849,852],{},[815,850,851],{},"Triggers and functions: business logic that must hold no matter who writes",[815,853,854,855,859],{},"Rules that apply to one role only (",[856,857,858],"a",{"href":562},"payload checks",")",[800,861,862,868],{},[815,863,864,865,859],{},"Transactions, locking, conflict resolution (",[819,866,867],{},"ON CONFLICT",[815,869,870],{},"How a column is labeled and edited on screen",[800,872,873,876],{},[815,874,875],{},"Relations, as real foreign keys",[815,877,878,879,883],{},"What happens ",[880,881,882],"em",{},"after"," a change commits (workflows)",[780,885,886],{},"If a rule must hold no matter how the data is written (through the API, from the SQL Console, or by a script with database credentials), it belongs in PostgreSQL.",[789,888,890],{"id":889},"in-practice-acmes-work-orders","In practice: Acme's work orders",[780,892,893],{},"Acme's rules about work orders live in the database:",[895,896,901],"pre",{"className":897,"code":898,"language":899,"meta":900,"style":900},"language-sql shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","-- A technician can't be booked for two visits at the same time.\nALTER TABLE visits ADD CONSTRAINT visits_no_double_booking\n  EXCLUDE USING gist (technician WITH =, tstzrange(scheduled_start, scheduled_end) WITH &&);\n\n-- Stock can't go negative.\nALTER TABLE stock ADD CONSTRAINT stock_quantity_check CHECK (quantity >= 0);\n","sql","",[819,902,903,911,917,923,930,936],{"__ignoreMap":900},[904,905,908],"span",{"class":906,"line":907},"line",1,[904,909,910],{},"-- A technician can't be booked for two visits at the same time.\n",[904,912,914],{"class":906,"line":913},2,[904,915,916],{},"ALTER TABLE visits ADD CONSTRAINT visits_no_double_booking\n",[904,918,920],{"class":906,"line":919},3,[904,921,922],{},"  EXCLUDE USING gist (technician WITH =, tstzrange(scheduled_start, scheduled_end) WITH &&);\n",[904,924,926],{"class":906,"line":925},4,[904,927,929],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":928},true,"\n",[904,931,933],{"class":906,"line":932},5,[904,934,935],{},"-- Stock can't go negative.\n",[904,937,939],{"class":906,"line":938},6,[904,940,941],{},"ALTER TABLE stock ADD CONSTRAINT stock_quantity_check CHECK (quantity >= 0);\n",[780,943,944],{},"A trigger calculates the deadline from the customer's contract, and another trigger refuses invalid status changes with a readable message:",[895,946,948],{"className":897,"code":947,"language":899,"meta":900,"style":900},"RAISE EXCEPTION 'A cancelled work order can''t be completed';\n",[819,949,950],{"__ignoreMap":900},[904,951,952],{"class":906,"line":907},[904,953,947],{},[780,955,956],{},"None of this needs anything from TotalBase. When a dispatcher books an overlapping visit or a technician uses more parts than the van holds, PostgreSQL rejects the write and the API passes its decision to the caller:",[895,958,962],{"className":959,"code":960,"language":961,"meta":900,"style":900},"language-json shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","{ \"errors\": [{ \"source\": \"POSTGRESQL\", \"code\": \"CHECK_VIOLATION\",\n               \"message\": \"Not enough stock in this warehouse.\", \"field\": \"quantity\" }] }\n","json",[819,963,964,1025],{"__ignoreMap":900},[904,965,966,970,973,977,980,983,986,988,992,994,996,998,1002,1004,1007,1009,1011,1013,1015,1017,1020,1022],{"class":906,"line":907},[904,967,969],{"class":968},"sMK4o","{",[904,971,972],{"class":968}," \"",[904,974,976],{"class":975},"spNyl","errors",[904,978,979],{"class":968},"\"",[904,981,982],{"class":968},":",[904,984,985],{"class":968}," [{",[904,987,972],{"class":968},[904,989,991],{"class":990},"sBMFI","source",[904,993,979],{"class":968},[904,995,982],{"class":968},[904,997,972],{"class":968},[904,999,1001],{"class":1000},"sfazB","POSTGRESQL",[904,1003,979],{"class":968},[904,1005,1006],{"class":968},",",[904,1008,972],{"class":968},[904,1010,819],{"class":990},[904,1012,979],{"class":968},[904,1014,982],{"class":968},[904,1016,972],{"class":968},[904,1018,1019],{"class":1000},"CHECK_VIOLATION",[904,1021,979],{"class":968},[904,1023,1024],{"class":968},",\n",[904,1026,1027,1030,1033,1035,1037,1039,1042,1044,1046,1048,1051,1053,1055,1057,1060,1062,1065],{"class":906,"line":913},[904,1028,1029],{"class":968},"               \"",[904,1031,1032],{"class":990},"message",[904,1034,979],{"class":968},[904,1036,982],{"class":968},[904,1038,972],{"class":968},[904,1040,1041],{"class":1000},"Not enough stock in this warehouse.",[904,1043,979],{"class":968},[904,1045,1006],{"class":968},[904,1047,972],{"class":968},[904,1049,1050],{"class":990},"field",[904,1052,979],{"class":968},[904,1054,982],{"class":968},[904,1056,972],{"class":968},[904,1058,1059],{"class":1000},"quantity",[904,1061,979],{"class":968},[904,1063,1064],{"class":968}," }]",[904,1066,1067],{"class":968}," }\n",[780,1069,1070,1071,1074,1075,1078],{},"The message comes from a ",[819,1072,1073],{},"COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT",". Without a comment, the message is PostgreSQL's own. A ",[819,1076,1077],{},"RAISE EXCEPTION"," message is passed through unchanged.",[789,1080,1082],{"id":1081},"how-errors-map","How errors map",[780,1084,1085],{},"TotalBase maps each SQLSTATE to a stable error code and HTTP status. Some examples:",[794,1087,1088,1099],{},[797,1089,1090],{},[800,1091,1092,1094,1096],{},[803,1093,732],{},[803,1095,262],{},[803,1097,1098],{},"Status",[810,1100,1101,1117,1132,1147,1162,1179],{},[800,1102,1103,1109,1114],{},[815,1104,1105,1108],{},[819,1106,1107],{},"23505"," unique violation",[815,1110,1111],{},[819,1112,1113],{},"UNIQUE_VIOLATION",[815,1115,1116],{},"409",[800,1118,1119,1125,1130],{},[815,1120,1121,1124],{},[819,1122,1123],{},"23503"," foreign key violation",[815,1126,1127],{},[819,1128,1129],{},"FOREIGN_KEY_VIOLATION",[815,1131,1116],{},[800,1133,1134,1140,1144],{},[815,1135,1136,1139],{},[819,1137,1138],{},"23514"," check violation",[815,1141,1142],{},[819,1143,1019],{},[815,1145,1146],{},"422",[800,1148,1149,1155,1160],{},[815,1150,1151,1154],{},[819,1152,1153],{},"23502"," not null violation",[815,1156,1157],{},[819,1158,1159],{},"NOT_NULL_VIOLATION",[815,1161,1146],{},[800,1163,1164,1172,1177],{},[815,1165,1166,1169,1170],{},[819,1167,1168],{},"P0001"," ",[819,1171,1077],{},[815,1173,1174],{},[819,1175,1176],{},"RAISE_EXCEPTION",[815,1178,1146],{},[800,1180,1181,1187,1192],{},[815,1182,1183,1186],{},[819,1184,1185],{},"57014"," statement timeout",[815,1188,1189],{},[819,1190,1191],{},"QUERY_CANCELED",[815,1193,1194],{},"503",[780,1196,1197,1199,1200,1202,1203,1206,1207,1209],{},[819,1198,991],{}," tells you who refused: ",[819,1201,1001],{}," for the database, ",[819,1204,1205],{},"TOTALBASE"," for TotalBase's own checks (permissions, query syntax, limits). The full list is in ",[856,1208,758],{"href":759},".",[789,1211,1213],{"id":1212},"what-totalbase-doesnt-do","What TotalBase doesn't do",[780,1215,1216],{},"The same rule means TotalBase deliberately leaves some things out:",[1218,1219,1220,1227,1233,1243,1249],"ul",{},[1221,1222,1223,1226],"li",{},[784,1224,1225],{},"No pre-checks."," TotalBase never runs a query first to see whether a value is unique or a referenced row exists. Two concurrent requests would both pass such a check. PostgreSQL resolves the conflict atomically.",[1221,1228,1229,1232],{},[784,1230,1231],{},"No second schema."," Columns, types, keys and relations are read from PostgreSQL's catalog every time. TotalBase stores only what PostgreSQL can't hold: exposure, permissions and presentation.",[1221,1234,1235,1238,1239,1242],{},[784,1236,1237],{},"No virtual relations."," A relation is a foreign key. ",[819,1240,1241],{},"site.customer.name"," works because those foreign keys exist.",[1221,1244,1245,1248],{},[784,1246,1247],{},"No computed fields or saved queries."," Use a generated column, a view or a function. Each one becomes a resource the API can expose.",[1221,1250,1251,1254],{},[784,1252,1253],{},"No superuser."," TotalBase can do what its database role can do, and nothing more. If an operation needs more, it fails with PostgreSQL's own permission error.",[789,1256,1258],{"id":1257},"changes-made-outside-totalbase","Changes made outside TotalBase",[780,1260,1261,1262,1265],{},"You can keep using ",[819,1263,1264],{},"psql",", migration tools or anything else that talks to PostgreSQL. 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